The testing of model plant Raphanus sativus germination and phytomass production on oil-composts
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.15626/Eco-Tech.2005.057Keywords:
Phytoremediation; Oily compost; Radish; Germination; Phytomass productionAbstract
In industrialized society, large amounts of oily sediments from contaminated sites as well as
oily sludge from industrial processes need to be treated in sustainable way. Nowadays
biological treatment is becoming more important. The purpose of biotreatment is to decrease
the concentration of organic pollutants (e.g. oil) in soil or compost by mineralizing hazardous
chemicals into harmless compounds such as carbon dioxide or some other gas or inorganic
substance, water, and cell material. Whereas hydrocarbons are generally well degradable,
some organic compounds (e.g. PAH) are less degradable; and some (heavy metals) can not be
degraded. However, resistant compounds can be transformed through sorption, methylation,
and complexation, and change in valence state, which affect mobility and bioavailability. The
use of oil-compost depends on legislative limits, and response of vegetation. Oil-content may
have a negative effect on plant root system even in low concentrations. Heavy metals may
inhibit the growth, but in the other hand, the plants are also known in uptaking heavy metals
and other contaminants, known as phytoremediation. This may create a situation, where
vegetation cover acts as additional treatment system for matured oil-composts. The objective
of this study was to examine the effect of hydrocarbon residues in different substances
(compost and soil mixtures) on soil model plants (Raphanus sativus) germination and
phytomass production. The germination study demonstrated that the plants germination and
biomass production was highly dependent on compost decomposition degree, nutrient content
and biological properties of soil. On less matured compost, the germination and growth was
suppressed. The phytomass production experiment showed that plants in oil compost had
decreased height, taproot mass and above ground phytomass. The application of complex
mineral fertilizers increased the volume of abovementioned parameters.
Metrics
References
Norris, R.D. (Ed), 1994. In-situ bioremediation of soils and groundwater contaminated with petroleum hydrocarbons. In: Handbook of Bioremediation. Robert S. Kerr Environmental Research Laboratory. Lewis Publishers, USA. 257 p.
Cole, G.M.,1994. Assessment and Remediation of Petroleum Contaminated Sites, Lewis Publishers, Inc. CRC Press, Boca Raton, FL.
Perarnaki, M.P., Blomker, K.R., 1997. Practical Design Considerations for Composting Contaminated Soil. In Situ and On Situ Bioremediation Vol 2. Fourth International Symposium, USA, pp. 103-109.
Eweis, J.B., Ergas, SJ., Chang, D.P.Y. & Schroeder, E.D., 1998. Bioremediation Principles. McGraw-Hill International, New York, USA.
Boopathy, R., 2000. Factors limiting bioremediation technologies. Bioresource Technology, 63-67.
Kriipsalu, M., Marques, M. & Hogland, W., 2005. Remediation of an oily leachate pond in Estonia. Waste management and Research, 23, 1-9 (in press)
Yorobjova, L.A., 1998. Chemical analysis of soils. Textbook, Moscow University Press, pp. 272.
Procedures for soil analysis, 1995. L.P. van Reeuwijk Wagening ( ed): ISRIC, pp, 112.
Handbook on Reference Methods for Soil Analysis, 1992. Soil and Plant Analysis Council, Inc. pp. 202.
Soil Science. Methods and application. 1994. Ed. D.L. Rowell. Pearson education. pp.350.
SFS 30 I 0, 1 990. Determination of oil and grease in water: infrared spectrophotometric method. Helsinki, Finnish Standards Association.
SS 028145. Determination of unpolar aliphatic hydrocarbons: infrared spectrophotometric method. Stockholm, Swedish Standards Commission, Standardiseringskommissionen i Sverige, Standardiseringsgruppen.
Statsoft, Statistica 7.0. Copyright 1984-2005.
Walton, B.T., Anderson, T.A., 1990. Microbial degradation of trichloroethylene in the rhizosphere: Potential application to biological remediation of waste sites. Appl. Envir. Biol. 56, 1012- 1 016.
Fass, R., Flashner, Y., Reuveny, S ( eds.), I 999. Novel Approaches for Bioremediation of Organic Pollution. Kluwer Acad. /Plenum Pub!., New York, pp.316.
Angehm, D., Galli, R., Zeyer, J., 1998. Physiochemical characteriazation of residual mineral oil contaminants in bioremediated soil. Envir. Toxicol. Chem. 17, 2168-2175. https://doi.org/10.1002/etc.5620171106
Loser, C., Seidel, H.nn, P ., Zehnsdorf, A., 1999. Bioavailability of hydrocarbons during microbial remediation of a sandy soil. Appl. Microbial. Biotechnol. 51, 105-111. https://doi.org/10.1007/s002530051370
Richnow, H.H., Seifert, R., Kastner, M., Mahro, B., Horsfield, B., Tiedgen, U., Bohm, S., Michaelis, W., 1995. Rapid screening of PAH residues in bioremediated soils. Chemosphere 31, 3991 -3999. https://doi.org/10.1016/0045-6535(95)00271-9
Ortega, M.C., Moreno, M.T., Ordovas, J., Aguado, M.T., 1996. Behaviour of different horticultural species in phytotoxicity bioassays of bark substrates. Scientia Hort. 66, 125-132. https://doi.org/10.1016/0304-4238(96)00900-4
Estaun, Y., Calvet, C., Grasses, J.M., 1985. Chemical determination of fatty acids, organic acids and phenols during olive marc composting process. Acta Hort. 172, 263- 270. https://doi.org/10.17660/ActaHortic.1985.172.29
Pill, W.G., Shi, B., Tilmon, H.D., Taylor, R. W., 1995. Tomato bedding plant production in soilless media containing ground kenaf (Hibiscus cannabinus L.) stem core. Hort. Sci. 70: 713-719.
Handreck, K.A., 1993. Properties of coir dust, and its use in the formulation of soilless potting media. Communications in Soil Science and Plant Ananlysis 24, 349-363. https://doi.org/10.1080/00103629309368804
De Song, E., 1980. The effect of a crude oil spill on cereals. Environ. Pollut. 22, 1 87- 96.
Rowell, M.J., 1977. The effect of crude oil spills on soils. In The Reclamation of Agricultural Soils after oil spills (J.A. Good, ed.) pp. 1-33. Edmonton: Dept. of Soil Science, University of Alberta.
Gudin, C., Syratt, W.J., 1975. Biological aspects of land rehabilitation following hydrocarbon contamination. Environ. Pollut. 8, 107-12. https://doi.org/10.1016/0013-9327(75)90020-8
Baker, J.M., 1970. The effect of oil on plants, Environ. Pollut, I, 27-44. https://doi.org/10.1016/0013-9327(70)90004-2
Udo, E.J., Fayemi., AAA, 1975. The effect of oil pollution of soil on germination, growth and nutrient uptake of corn. J Environ. Quality. 4, 537-540. hhtps://doi.org/10.2134/jeq1975.00472425000400040023x
Downloads
Published
Issue
Section
