Production of biogas from cattle waste at low temperature
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.15626/Eco-Tech.2005.062Keywords:
Biagas production; Low temperature; Cattle dung; Clarified digested slurryAbstract
Production of Bio gas from cattle waste and other biomass is now considered as one of the major
routes to obtain gaseous fuel for sustainable development. In tropical countries like India
thousands of rural families in villages are using 3 to 5 M3 biogas plants to suffice their daily
cooking fuel need. All these plants are run on cattle waste. Since these plants are operated at
ambient temperatures, effect of temperature variation affects daily gas yield. The effect becomes
very prominent during winter season. In general about 50-60% reduction in daily biogas yield is
observed when ambient temperature is around l 5°
C as compared to that produced at around 30-
350
C. A low cost and simple to operate technique to enhance biogas yield from the biogas plant
during winter season shall help to get optimum biogas yield from these plants during the winter
season. We thought of a simple technique of filtering the digested effluent slurry of biogas plant
through a triple layer muslin cloth to obtain a filtrate, hence-forth called as clarified digested
slurry (CDS), rich in cell mass and then adding it back to the biogas plant along with the influent
slurry. Experiments were carried out on 25 L capacity cattle dung biogas plant operated at 15°
C
to see effect of recirculation of CDS. Addition of 25 and 40% v/v CDS in daily influent resulted
in 15% and 37% increase in daily biogas yield. Recirculation of 40% v/v CDS supplemented
with Diammonium phosphate(DAP) increased the biogas yield by 75% v/v. In another
experiment use of clarified rumen fluid (CRF) to prepare influent slurry and added exclusively
for one day enhanced the daily biogas yield by 70% v/v for a period of two months. Popular daily
wears in India called cotton dhoti or cotton sari can be used for the filtration of the slurry.
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