The importance of pollutional loads during wet weather
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.15626/Eco-Tech.1999.031Nyckelord:
Combined sewer overflows, wet weather discharges, the relative importance, pollutionAbstract
Wet weather discharges consist mainly of washed out surface pollution in separate sewered areas, but in combined sewered areas; resuspended pipe deposits, surface washoff and sewage, discharging via combined sewer overflows (CSOs). Of the three mentioned sources, resuspended pipe solids is dominating over the other two and may contribute as much as 50 to 90 % of the total amount of the CSO. The CSO in a normal catchment may also on an annual bases be of the same amount, or even twice as much as the effluent from the wastewater treatment plant (WWTP). If the receiving waters are vulnerable to shock loads on a daily base, it is important to be aware that the amount of CSO might, at its most adverse be up to I 00 times more than the effluent from the WWTP during a day. The annual discharge via CSOs in a catchment may easily vary with a factor of up to 8 from the driest to the wettest year, during time series of 20 to 40 years.
Statistik
Referenser
Beichert,J. et al. ( 1996) Suitability and limits of pollutant transport simulations at the example of a flat combined sewer system. 7.th ICUSD Hannover 1996. Berlamont,J.,
Smits,M. (1984) The overflow frequency as a criterion for the design of Combined Sewer Systems. Proc. Third int. conf. On Urban Storm Drainage. Gothenburg
Broeker,H. W. ( 1984) Impact of deposition on sewer operation. Proc. Third int. conf. On Urban Storm Drainage. Gothenburg 1984.
Brombach,H., Michelbach,St. og Wöhrle,Chr. (1992) Sedimentations- und Remobilisierungsvorgange im Abwasserkanal. Bad Mergentheim feb. 1992.
Ellis,J .B. (1993) Pollution of Stormwater and Combined Waste water. ATV-workshop i Munchen mai 1993.
European Waste Water Group. (1995) Storrnwater pollution control systems in EU member states. Study contract B4-3040/93/293/JS/B I May 1995.
EWPCA (1987) Status report I 987. The Technical Subcommitee on Urban Runoff Quality Data. The European Water Pollution Control Association.
Gent,R., Crabtree, B. And Ashley, R. (1995) Implementation of sewer sediments research for sewer flow quality models in the U.K. Int. conf. On Sewer Solids. 5-8 Sept. 1995. Univ. of Dundee.
Harremoes, P. (1988) Stochastic models for estimation of extreme pollution from urban runoff. Water Research vol. 22,1017-1026. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1016/0043-1354(88)90149-2
Hogland,W., Bemdtsson,R., Larson,M. (1984) Estimation of quality and pollution load of combined sewer overflow discharge. Proc. Third int. conf. On Urban Storm Drainage. Gothenburg 1984.
Lavelle,P., Lessard,P, Villeneuve,J.P. (1984) Water qualtity variations due to combined sewer overflows. Proc. Third int. conf. On Urban Storm Drainage. Gothenburg 1984.
Lindholm, O. (1977) Forurensninger i overvann" PRA nr.7 NIVA Lindholm, 0. (1988) Nedb0rdata for avl0psberegninger VAR-utvalget. 78/88 Oslo
Lindholm, O., Aaby,L. (1989) In-pipe flushing and its implication for overflow quality. Pergamon Press Oxford 1989.
Malmquist,P.A., Svensson,G. og Fjellstrnm,C. (1994) Dagvattnets sammansetning. VA V.
Miljöstyrelsen. ( 1990) Regulering af forurening fra af10bssystemer under regn Kbn.hvn Milj0styrelsen. ( 1992) Renseanlegg, regnvannsbetingede udl0p og spredt bebyggelse".
Miljöstyrelsen. (1995) Punktkilder 1994. Kbn.hvn
Ministry of Housing, Physical planning and Environment. (1991) Final report of the 1982-1989 N WR W research programme. Netherlands June 1991.
Neergaard Jacobsen.B. (1995) The Comparability of Quantitative Data on Waste Water
Collection. EWPCA Report to EU April 1995.
Pisano,W.C.. Aronson,G.1.,Querios,C.S. (1979) Dry weather deposition and flushing for combined sewer overflow. EPA 600/2-79 133 Ohio, USA 1979.
SFT (1996) Forurensningsregnskap for avlöpssektoren. Rapport nr. 96: 19. VA V. (1994) Dagvattnets samansetning. Stockholm. Rapport nr. 11 1994.
Aaby,L. (1989) Forurensninger i overlöp. NTNF's VAR-utvalg. Rapport 90/88 Oslo Aaby;L. ( 1989) Forurensningstransporter i avl0pssystemet under nedb0r. VANN 4/89
Publicerad
Nummer
Sektion
